Joint replacement is a surgical procedure during which damaged joint surfaces are removed and replaced with artificial parts. These artificial parts are called an endoprosthesis. In case of total endoprosthetics, both parts of the joint are subject to replacement: the femur and the cavity.

• restore lost joint mobility
• joint function improvement
• elimination of joint pain

Who needs a joint replacement procedure?
If you have limited mobility in the joint, accompanied by pain, which interferes with daily activities, drug treatment does not give a result, then you are a candidate for endoprosthetics.   Arthrosis is the most common cause of such damage. However, rheumatoid arthritis, osteonecrosis, injuries, hip fractures and bone tumors can also lead to destruction of the hip joint, which necessitates an endoprosthetics operation.

• Ankylosing spondylitis with a primary lesion of the joints of the limbs
• metabolic and circulatory disorders
• dysplasia (congenital deformities of the hip joint)
• osteoporosis
• overweight
• diabetes mellitus
• hormonal changes
• damage to the articular surfaces and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint

What is joint replacement surgery?
Traditionally, hip replacement surgery lasts from 1 to 2 hours, the surgeon makes a small incision along the lateral surface of the thigh, removes affected bone and cartilage tissue, leaving healthy parts of the joint intact. Then the surgeon replaces the removed parts of the joint with artificial ones. The new joint is made of materials that allow natural sliding of the articular surfaces. The implant design offers you updated stability and functionality. Hip replacement can relieve pain, improve hip joint function, and restore normal walking and other movements. Hip replacement surgery has a very high success rate and can offer an incredible improvement in the quality of life for patients. Your doctor may recommend it if you have hip and pain injuries that physical therapy, medications, and exercise do not help.

Replacing the hip joint, the surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone of the hip joint and replaces them with endoprostheses. This surgery is used for long-term pain relief and mobility.

Thus, considering all the features of hip replacement, we believe that patients should be aware of the mechanics of the hip joint and the possible treatment options available. Modern prostheses installed inside the human body can serve 15-20 and even 30 years, and when the joint is worn, it can be replaced again. About one million hip and more than half a million knee endoprostheses are implanted in the world every year.

Currently, there are prostheses for the hip, knee, shoulder, elbow joints and even for the joints of the fingers.

Endoprostheses are made of metal, ceramics, especially durable polyethylene.

The requirements for the materials the joints are made of are strength, wear resistance, but they must be easily processed to achieve an accurate matching of prosthetic components.

• stainless steel alloys
• cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy
• titanium and its alloys
• alumina ceramic
• heavy-duty polyethylene

• cement
• cementless

Is a cement implant better than a cementless implant?
  The answer to this question is different for different people. Because the condition of each person is unique, doctor, and you must weigh the pros and cons.

A cemented endoprosthesis is more often used for older, less active people and with weakened bones (osteoporosis), and a cementless endoprosthesis is used for younger and more active people.

Preparing for surgery

Proper preparation for surgery - replacing the hip joint, will lead to better results and improved quality of life. Mental and emotional preparation, lifestyle modification, physical preparation, established relationships with the surgeon, support from family and friends will best prepare you for a successful result.

Understanding is a key step in preparing for surgery. Knowing all the aspects of the operation, do not stay fixated on the end result. The instructions given by doctors and nurses will help you. Taking an active position, knowledge of the stages of the upcoming surgical operation, will lead to a more positive attitude towards it.

Lifestyle Preparation

Prepare your body properly. Proper nutrition, enough rest, smoking cessation are the most important lifestyle changes.

Studies have shown that overweight leads to complications in surgical interventions. Consult a surgeon about diet, start the process of losing weight before and continue after surgery so that your recovery is successful.

Physical fitness

Depending on your specific type of surgery, the doctor will recommend a specific set of exercises. They will be aimed at improving your range of motion, strength and flexibility - to minimize stress after surgery. Consult your doctor about the most appropriate method.

Recovery after total hip replacement

The time for recovery, after a hip replacement surgery, is individual for each individual patient. During rehabilitation, certain rules should be followed. Many doctors will recommend that you begin work duties no earlier than 10-12 weeks. Time to go to work increases if during the performance of duties it is necessary to stand, walk or perform physical activity for a long time. Typically, patients return to a “normal active life” 3-6 months after surgery. The time to recover full patients - increases to approximately 6-12 months.

Pain Relief

Pain management is an important part of the recovery process. Preoperative preparation regarding pain, discomfort, treatment - is necessary for comfortable recovery.

Doctors recommend a simple rule for patients: Rest, Ice, Elevated position of the limb and taking painkillers for hours! If the drug you are offered does not help, consult your doctor about replacing it.

Emotional Recovery and Support

One of the equally important aspects of recovery is the patient’s emotional state. Positive emotions and support from friends and families help speed up the recovery process.

TOTAL KNEE JOINT REPLACEMENT

Knee replacement surgery involves the partial or complete replacement of joint components with artificial implants to repair damaged support surfaces that cause pain. Total knee replacement implies total replacement of all components of the damaged joint. Partial knee replacement involves the implantation of one or two joint components while preserving the undamaged parts.

There are various designs for knee implants, all designed to restore stability and movement. Moreover, there are two main reasons for performing knee replacement surgery: 1) the elimination of pain and 2) the restoration of range of motion. With all possible surgical interventions, total knee replacement offers a significant improvement in quality of life. The procedure is highly successful.

Neurosurgery is a relatively new, dynamically developing branch of medicine. Its tasks are the diagnosis and treatment (including surgical) of various diseases, injuries of the central and peripheral nervous system, and their consequences.

The main proportion of patients who turned to a neurosurgeon were patients with back pain.

The vast majority of them are long-term, sometimes unsuccessfully treated by doctors of various specialties with osteochondrosis of the spine.

This disease is one of the most common in the world. Affecting young and middle-aged people, osteochondrosis of the spine is accompanied by excruciating pains in the neck, thoracic or lower back, often takes on a chronic character and leads to various complications (deforming spondylosis, herniated discs, segmental instability of the vertebrae, development of weakness in the muscles of the limbs, etc. ).

Prevention of the development of these complications is a well-conducted timely examination, including highly informative methods (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging). The neurosurgeon, having examined a patient with chronic back pain, determines the list of necessary examinations, and then the patient’s treatment tactics are conservative, including drug therapy, physiotherapy, massage and physiotherapy, or surgical.

In recent years, minimally invasive interventions on the spine (vertebroplasty) are widely used.

Vertebroplasty is a surgical intervention that is performed to strengthen the damaged vertebral body by introducing a special plastic - bone cement. In most cases, this operation is performed with compression fractures of the vertebrae, not complicated by compression of the nerve structures. Such fractures most often occur with osteoporosis, hemangioma, traumatic back injury, metastases in the vertebrae and other tumors of the spinal column.

The introduction of bone cement into the vertebral body is carried out through a special needle, control over the manipulations is carried out using x-ray. Recently, surgical techniques based on the use of bone cement (PMMA - polymethylmethacrylate) are increasingly used in various pathologies affecting the spinal column.

Initially, the technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty was proposed in 1984 for the treatment of aggressive hemangiomas of the vertebrae. Currently, this method is a minimally invasive method of surgical treatment of primary and metastatic neoplasms with the existing threat of a pathological fracture. In addition, this method is widely used for osteoporosis and compression fractures of the vertebrae, which are associated with this pathology. It should be noted that such fractures cause severe pain and lead to a significant limitation of back mobility.

The essence of the technique is that the surgeon inserts a metal needle into the body of the damaged vertebra through which a special mixture is injected (under computed tomography and fluoroscopic control). The mixture consists of bone cement based on PMMA, a contrasting material and an antibiotic. The introduction of the specified needle into the vertebral body in case of pathologies of the lumbar and thoracic level is carried out transpedicularly, while for pathologies of the cervical level, anterior lateral access is used.

The hardening rate of PMMA and the duration of its stay in a pasty state is the most important characteristic of bone cement - this is due to the fact that it is during this period (6-11 minutes) that the surgeon must inject the substance and fill it with a fracture / pathological cavity. By polymerizing, bone cement is heated to a temperature of 70 ° C, providing support for the body of the damaged vertebra and exerting a cytotoxic effect on the cells of the pathological neoplasm. Stiffening, the injected cement strengthens the vertebral body, which allows not only to effectively treat the effects of compression fractures of the spine caused by osteoporosis, but is also used to treat pain caused by tumor metastases in the spine or hemangiomas of the vertebral bodies.

Indications

Vertebroplasty most often requires vertebral hemangiomas with signs of aggressiveness. The criterion for assessing the aggressiveness of this pathology is intense back pain that intensifies with physical exertion, combined with damage to the chest level of most of the vertebral body and the cellular structure detected by MRI or CT.

The main indication for the operation is traditionally pain in the back, localized at the level of the lesion. Also, percutaneous vertebroplasty is often necessary for pathological fractures of the vertebral bodies or the threat of their occurrence, which occurs in the absence of compression of the nerve roots of the spinal cord due to metastases or osteoporosis and maintaining the height of the body of the affected vertebra by more than 1/3. Along with the reduction of pain and restoration of support functions, the introduction of bone cement in the secondary metastatic lesion of the spinal column has a cytotoxic effect.

The procedure is characterized by a high level of efficiency. The authors of the statistical study say that in 38 patients suffering from aggressive hemangiomas, as a result of percutaneous vertebroplasty, almost 90% of the pain regression was obtained. The same research group published the results of percutaneous treatment of 100 patients suffering from metastatic spinal lesions - pain regression occurred in 80% of cases.

In addition to low invasiveness and the possibility of using local anesthesia during the operation, this intervention technique provides for the activation of patients only two hours after surgery - the length of stay in the hospital can be reduced to one day. Reducing the severity of pain, along with the preservation of motor activity, significantly improve the quality of life of patients who underwent surgery. Thus, the technique is increasingly used in the treatment of compression fractures of the spine.

Benefits of the operation

• High efficiency. The targeted and carefully controlled injection of bone cement directly to the location of the fracture or the body of the affected vertebra allows you to effectively strengthen the vertebra and restore the integrity of the damaged bone;
• Small invasiveness. Allows to ensure minimal invasiveness of the procedure, since surgical procedures do not require large-scale surgical incisions;
• Using local anesthesia. This makes the procedure accessible to patients of any age and with any state of health, since local anesthesia does not give as much load on the body as it does with general anesthesia;
• A small number of complications. This point is a consequence of the use of modern instruments and techniques, which avoids damage to adjacent structures to the vertebra by an inserted needle. The minimum length of the incision (several millimeters) significantly reduces the risk of infection, the amount of blood loss, as well as the degree of trauma to muscles and other soft tissues;
• Early activation of patients. The modern technique of vertebroplasty allows patients to actively move around just a few hours after surgery. It takes only a few minutes to harden the drug, which means that a longer restriction of mobility is not necessary;
• Reducing the length of hospital stay. After the operation, the patient needs to stay in the hospital for only one day - in the morning he comes to the hospital on an empty stomach, undergoes surgery and, after several hours, can go home and return to his normal lifestyle.

3D printing is the process of creating solid-state, three-dimensional objects from digital files. Layer by layer, the material is stacked sequentially until the desired object is created. That is, a finite object is created layer by layer, and each layer forms a thin, horizontal cross-section.

Using a 3D printer, a thin plastic thread melts. The molten filament is then extruded through the nozzle. One layer at a time and consistently grows into a physical object.

How does it work?
You are about to create a 3D object. First of all, a three-dimensional model is created. To do this, you need to build a 3D model using a 3D modeling software, or CAD. The final model is then cut into many hundreds of horizontal layers by the software. This file is then loaded into a 3D printer, and the printer grows the object layer by layer. The layers are so tightly fused that they are difficult to distinguish with the human eye.

Creating Dentures Printed on a 3D Printer

There are many reasons why prostheses printed on a 3D printer will make life easier for physically unique people. The main benefits of prostheses printed on a 3D printer are:

Cost
 Commercial denture manufacturing is usually expensive. This means that a huge number of unique people all over the world cannot afford prosthetics, and 3D printing will greatly improve their quality of life, as well. The cost of dentures printed on a 3D printer is much less.

Speed
Made using conventional prosthesis technology, it can usually be done only once and it usually takes weeks or even months to calibrate and fit for each individual. Creating a prosthesis on a 3D printer can take anywhere from 1 day to a week.

Versatility
A prosthesis made on a 3D printer can be easily customized and customized for each person. Designer, reinforced, colored, with its own pattern and inscription. 3D printing allows you to create complex and diverse designs in a matter of hours. The design can be tailored to individual use, including outdoor activities, such as cycling and mountaineering. Given traditional production methods, it will cost a fortune, and a much smaller amount when produced on a 3D printer.

The simplicity of 3D printer production and the much lower cost of 3D modeling make it a much more attractive option.

Comfort
 Production of the prosthesis model with the help of 3D printer allow to adjust the mechanism individually for each user, and to replace it within a short time, and such technology as 3D scanning will transfer in design every individual element of a limb.

Our engineers and designers are ready to design an individual prosthesis model for you, pick the right material, and pass it on to our 3D printing partners for production.

Vascular surgery is an area of ​​surgery that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of various types of vascular pathology. It is divided into several large areas.

The first is arterial disease, which is, of course, a more complex and dangerous pathology. This includes diseases of the carotid arteries - vascular damage with atherosclerosis (the formation of “bad” cholesterol and low density lipoproteins on the walls). This is the cause of strokes - one of the globally disturbing contemporary problems. This category also includes aortic diseases - known to all aneurysms, and damage to the arteries that feed the lower limbs.

The second section deals with the problems of the venous system. The most common disease is varicose veins, which every fourth person on the planet faces. In addition, there are other equally serious diseases, such as venous thrombosis, post-thrombotic disease, chronic venous insufficiency, reticular varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, etc. Vein treatment has grown over time in a separate area - phlebology.

Dental implants - a new direction in dentistry, an effective procedure for replacing missing (lost) teeth.

This is the process of implantation in the jaw bone (top or bottom) of the implant, an artificial tooth root made of titanium alloy.

The implant is made of a titanium alloy that is compatible with the tissues of the human body. The screw is implanted in the jaw bone and eventually fuses with the bone tissue.

The effective result is affected by both the quality of the implant and the professionalism of the implantologist. Timely tooth restoration minimizes the risks of periodontal disease, tooth abrasion, and biomechanics of the entire dento-maxillary system.

Today - this is not only a reliable and perfect way to restore dental health and comfort, but also, for many patients, a way of rejuvenation, since implants remove all defects of the dentition in the smile area, and atrophy of the jaw bone stops.

Indications and contraindications for dental implants

• single defect (s) of the dentition;
• defects ("holes", etc.) of the dentition;
• defects at the end of the row of teeth;
• lack of a row of teeth.

• IHD and hypertension;
• diabetes;
• cancer;
• heavy periodontium;
• congenital (acquired) malocclusion;
• blood clotting failures;
• a number of diseases of the central nervous system;
• rheumatism et al.

After completion of the procedure, the patient’s body needs rehabilitation and adaptation, since both physiological and biochemical reactions occur at that time.